The Fundamentals of District cooling
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District cooling entails the production and circulation of chilled water to multiple buildings through a network of insulated underground pipes. Cooled water is pumped from the central plant through the pre-insulated underground pipes connected to the building connections, which is called Energy Transfer Station (ETS). In the ETS, the coolness of the chilled water is used to chill down the water of the building through a Plate Heat Exchanger (PHE).
Effluent is sewage that has been treated in a septic tank or sewage treatment plant. It is also referred to as “trade effluent” or “wastewater.” Effluent is waste other than waste from kitchens or toilets, surface water or domestic sewage. It can be produced and discharged by any industrial or commercial premises.
Treated Sewage Effluent (TSE) until recently was a water source reserved mainly for irrigation and was not marketable for other uses. Since the regulation changes in the region TSE has gained momentum, namely in the district cooling industry. The use of TSE can significantly reduce capital costs and operational costs, whist reducing the demand on fresh/potable water.
Qatar Cool has implemented TSE in all three cooling plants in the West Bay district, two of which receive direct TSE and the third via an onsite Reverse Osmosis (RO) plant. TSE and wastewater have remarkable potential and benefits in supplementing the fresh water demand, in such industries. Generation of TSE is significantly economical and consumes less energy compared to potable water.
